The tooth fairy is a welcome guest for any child who has lost a tooth. Not only will the fairy leave a small gift under the child’s pillow, but they be assured of a replacement tooth in a few months. Unfortunately, the scenario is quite different for adults grappling with a loss of teeth. Luckily, there may be some hope thanks to a new study performed by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Fukui.
A dental breakthrough
While the typical adult mouth houses 32 teeth, approximately 1% of the population exhibits variations of them, either possessing more or fewer teeth due to congenital conditions. Researchers have delved into the genetic factors behind cases of excessive teeth, seeking valuable insights into the potential regeneration of teeth in adults. This study is the first to show that monoclonal antibodies can help regrow teeth. It suggests a new way to treat a dental problem that currently requires implants and other artificial solutions.
A bit of science
The research team disclosed that an antibody targeting a specific gene, known as uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), can induce tooth development in mice affected by tooth agenesis, a congenital condition. The findings were published in the journal, Science Advances.
As per Katsu Takahashi, a senior lecturer at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and one of the principal contributors to the study, the essential molecules crucial for the development of teeth have already been pinpointed. “The morphogenesis of individual teeth depends on the interactions of several molecules including BMP, or bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling,” says Takahashi.
On April 13, 2021, the University of Kyoto posted its first pic of newly-grown teeth in mice.
BMP and Wnt are involved in more than just tooth development; they affect the growth of organs and tissues early in the body’s development. Because drugs affecting them directly might have broad side effects, scientists are cautious. To find a potentially safer method, researchers focused on the gene USAG-1, thinking that aiming at factors countering BMP and Wnt specifically in tooth development could be more precise.
“We knew that suppressing USAG-1 benefits tooth growth. What we did not know was whether it would be enough,” added Takahashi.
The first results
Scientists looked at how different monoclonal antibodies affect USAG-1. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to treat things like cancer and arthritis and for making vaccines. Tests with this antibody showed that BMP signaling is crucial for deciding the number of teeth in mice. Also, just one treatment was enough to grow a whole tooth. Further tests confirmed these positive results in ferrets too.
“Ferrets are diphyodont animals with similar dental patterns to humans. Our next plan is to test the antibodies on other animals, such as pigs and dogs,” explained Takahashi.
Fully regrown frontal teeth in ferrets
The next steps
Now, scientists are going to test the drug on healthy adults. If that goes well, the team plans to try it on kids aged 2 to 6 with a rare tooth problem called anodontia, a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth. These kids will get one shot of the drug to see if it makes their teeth grow. If everything works out, the medicine might be approved by 2030.
Takahashi sees the new medicine as an additional choice for individuals who are missing some or all of their teeth.
“The idea of growing new teeth is every dentist’s dream,” Takahashi told the Japanese newspaper, The Mainichi in June this year. “I’ve been working on this since I was a graduate student. I was confident I’d be able to make it happen.”
So hopefully, by the year 2030, humans will get a chance to have their third generation of teeth grown and say goodbye to implants. Until then, make sure to keep your teeth strong and healthy — this article will help you with that.
Preview photo credit KyotoU_News / Twitter
Veronica Merritt: A Devoted Mother Overcoming Financial Challenges
Veronica Merritt, a 45-year-old New York single mother, is courageously expressing her financial hardships in supporting her huge family of twelve. Veronica is committed to her kids and isn’t going to give up even in the face of criticism and scorn.
Veronica is honest enough to admit that she now needs food stamps to feed her family because of the growing cost of living. Due to her enormous annual food expenses, Veronica has turned to less expensive staples like ramen noodles, macaroni, and hot dogs. Veronica is certain that her children are her greatest blessing, even in spite of the criticism she receives over her finances.
Veronica uses her platform as a TikTok content creator to share her experiences as a single mother of twelve kids. Her family’s monthly food stamp payments of $1,400 are insufficient to meet their food costs. In the past, Veronica was able to support her family on just $500 per month. She predicts that, however, the existing situation will require $2,000 to $3,000 a month to cover the cost of basic meals.
For Veronica and her family, there is more to their financial burden than just groceries. Household finances have been severely impacted by inflation; the average American household now spends $1,080 a month on groceries alone. Apart from her usual spending, Veronica also has to pay for school supplies, housing, and special events like birthdays and Christmas, totaling an annual expenditure of $58,000.
Veronica is nevertheless strong and resourceful in spite of these obstacles. She is committed to selling her paintings and working on TikTok to provide for her family. Even though Veronica’s TikTok revenue varies, she never loses faith and takes initiative to look for ways to boost her income so she can support her family.
Veronica became a mother for the first time at the young age of 14, when she gave birth to her first child. She went on to welcome 11 additional children throughout the years, all of whom brought her happiness and contentment. Veronica loves the close relationship she has with each of her twelve children and treats them all equally, despite the challenges that come with being a single mother of twelve.
Veronica’s love for her kids never wavers in the face of criticism and judgment. She is determined to give kids a kind and loving environment. Although Veronica is aware of the difficulties in providing for a big family on a tight budget, she is thankful for her children and maintains an optimistic outlook for the future.
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